| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chemotherapy |
The use of drugs to kill cancer cells. |
| Chest x-ray |
X-rays use high-energy radiation in low doses to create images of the body to help diagnose diseases and determine the extent of injuries. A chest X-ray is done to check that the heart and lungs are healthy. |
| Chlamydia |
A germ that is primarily sexually transmitted and that can infect genital organs. |
| Chronic hepatitis |
An ongoing infection of the liver that can lead to cirrhosis, a hardening of the liver that causes liver tissue to scar and stop working. |
| Circumcision |
An operation in which the doctor removes the foreskin from the penis. The foreskin is the skin that covers the tip of the penis. |
| Clear cell adenocarcinoma |
A special type of adenocarcinoma that occurs in women who were exposed to the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES) while in the womb. (Many pregnant women from 1945 to 1970 were given DES to prevent miscarriage.) |
| Clinical trial |
An organized research program conducted with patients to evaluate a new medical treatment, drug or device. |
| Clitorectomy |
The removal of the entire clitoris and the adjacent labia (the external and internal folds of skin, or lips, that protect the vaginal opening). |
| Clitoris |
The small structure at the front of the vulva. The clitoris is very sensitive to stimulation and helps a woman reach sexual climax. |
| Colposcopy |
An examination of the cervix (lower part of the uterus) and the wall of the vagina. It is performed using a special microscope (colposcope) that gives a magnified view of the tissue lining the cervix and vagina. A special solution may be applied to the cervix that causes abnormal cells to turn white or yellow so they may be more easily viewed. |
| Complementary therapy |
Practices not generally recognized by the medical community as standard or conventional medical approaches and used to enhance or complement standard treatments. Complementary medicine includes dietary supplements, mega dose vitamins, herbal preparations, herbal tea, acupuncture, massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing and meditation. |
| Computed axial tomography (CAT or CT sca |
A technique in which multiple X-rays of the body are taken from different angles in a very short period of time. These images are collected by a computer to give a series of cross-sectional "slices" of the body. |
| Conception |
The fertilization of an egg by a sperm. |
| Condom |
A device usually made of latex (a type of rubber), plastic or animal membrane that is used for birth control and to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Male condoms are fitted over the erect penis. Female condoms are inserted into the vagina. The closed end of the condom covers the cervix, and the open end covers the area around the opening of the vagina. |
| Condyloma (genital warts) |
Growths or bumps on the penis, vagina, vulva (vaginal lips), cervix (the opening between the vagina and womb), rectum or groin. Genital warts are caused by a virus that is sexually transmitted, meaning it is spread by having sex with an infected person. |
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