Glossary
Terms that are on use on this site.
There are 320 entries in this glossary.C
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Calcitonin |
Calcitonin is a hormone produced by cells in the Thyroid Gland (located in the neck). Calcitonin controls the level of calcium in the blood and assists the body in absorbing calcium into bones. |
| Calcium |
A mineral taken in through the diet that is essential for a variety of bodily functions, such as the transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction and proper heart function. Imbalances of calcium can lead to many health problems and can cause nerve cell death. Calcium is also important for bone health. |
| Candida |
A species of fungus that normally lives in small numbers in the vagina, as well as in the mouth and digestive tract of both men and women. |
| Carcinoma in situ |
This is a condition that is considered a pre-cancer, because cancer cells are found on the surface of the organ or tissue. ("In situ" literally means "in its proper place.") |
| Carcinomas |
A type of cancer that arises from the lining cells of the body, called epithelial cells. Epithelial cells form the outer layer of the skin, and the membranes lining the digestive tract, bladder and uterus, as well as the tubes and ducts that run through the body’s organs. |
| Cataracts |
A cloudy or opaque area in the lens of the eye. |
| Cell proliferation |
An increase in the number of cells as a result of cell growth and cell division. |
| Cervical biopsy |
A procedure in which the doctor removes a small amount of tissue from the cervix to be examined more closely. |
| Cervical cancer |
Cancer that occurs when abnormal cells in a woman’s cervix—the lowest part of the uterus (womb) through which babies pass when they are born—divide and grow uncontrolled. |
| Cervix |
The lowest part of the womb, or uterus, through which babies pass when they are born. |
| Chemotherapy |
The use of drugs to kill cancer cells. |
| Chest x-ray |
X-rays use high-energy radiation in low doses to create images of the body to help diagnose diseases and determine the extent of injuries. A chest X-ray is done to check that the heart and lungs are healthy. |
| Chlamydia |
A germ that is primarily sexually transmitted and that can infect genital organs. |
| Chronic hepatitis |
An ongoing infection of the liver that can lead to cirrhosis, a hardening of the liver that causes liver tissue to scar and stop working. |
| Circumcision |
An operation in which the doctor removes the foreskin from the penis. The foreskin is the skin that covers the tip of the penis. |
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